Fishermen give an offering of coconut to the sea to celebrate the beginning of a new fishing season. How do you choose the best tender coconut. The coconut fruit is an important economic commodity for many countries around the world. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. The world coir production is 0.282 million tones. This results in the naked coconut "shell" with three pores more familiar in countries where coconuts are not grown locally. [citation needed], Indonesia is the world's largest producer of coconuts, with gross production of 15million tonnes. [132] Coconut milk can be diluted to create coconut milk beverages. [176], It was the main food of adherents of the now discontinued Vietnamese religion o Da. Scientific studies have found it effective for treating enlarged prostate and improving serum cholesterol. The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEANCanada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. Do you know 80 million poor people depend directly on coconut for their livelihood in 90 countries? Some cultivars are more drought resistant such as 'West coast tall' (India) while others such as 'Hainan Tall' (China) are more cold tolerant. Hair loss is the most common cause of hair loss in men and women, and it is the most common cause of hair loss in women. It might cause fullness or stomach upset in some people. and Koop Wind (Eds.). Halved, drained coconuts can also be hung up as bird feeders, and after the flesh has gone, can be filled with fat in winter to attract tits. Other aspects such as seed size, shape and weight, and copra thickness are also important factors in the selection of new cultivars. It is further strengthened by other similar botanical evidence of contact, like the pre-colonial presence of sweet potato in Oceanian cultures. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The fragments are dated to approximately 1000BCE, suggesting that cultivation and artificial selection of coconuts were already practiced by the Austronesian Lapita people. Coconut plays a significant role in the agrarian economy of India. The know-how of coconut cultivation and necessary soil fixation and irrigation may have found its way into Omani, Hadrami and Al-Mahra culture by people who returned from those overseas areas. [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. 37(9):830-5, 2004. [18][19][20] [112], In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration declared that coconut must be disclosed as an ingredient on package labels as a "tree nut" with potential allergenicity. Lately, civil wars and crop failures have driven up the EU Rotterdam coconut oil price, which has doubled during 2010-2011, nearing $2,000 per tonne, according to the UK Grocer. From fermented today alcohol is prepared. On the eve of Choti Holi . In order to resolve this enigma, a 2014 study proposed that the ancestors of Cocos had likely originated on the Caribbean coast of what is now Colombia, and during the Eocene the ancestral Cocos performed a long-distance dispersal across the Atlantic Ocean to North Africa. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. What is the economic importance of coconut? [183] Another early mention of the coconut dates back to the "One Thousand and One Nights" story of Sinbad the Sailor wherein he bought and sold a coconut during his fifth voyage. Theyre mostly green until they fully mature. The Coconut Research Center describes the nut as rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals with oil comprising mainly medium-chain fatty acids. A cloudy white liquid, it has a particularly sharp, acidic taste with a slightly yeasty note.[149]. Moreover, it also helps to increase productivity and improve agricultural product value. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. Tannin produces negative effects on sapling growth. Although archaeological remains dating back to 1000 to 500BCE also suggest that the Indo-Atlantic coconuts were also later independently cultivated by the Dravidian peoples, only Pacific coconuts show clear signs of domestication traits like dwarf habits, self-pollination, and rounded fruits. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits because their endosperm contains a large quantity of clear liquid, called coconut water or coconut juice. [64], The dwarf coconut cultivars are fully domesticated, in contrast to tall cultivars which display greater diversity in terms of domestication (and lack thereof). The Coconut tree belongs to the palm family. Coconut is a plant-based source of saturated fat. Pintonesia Trading Corp has served customers from all over the world and it has become our top priority to meet our customers satisfaction and expectations. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. In fact, the toning property of coconut helps in preventing acne by minimizing the pores of the skin, leaving it glowing. Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." [1] The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. In many parts of the world, the cultivation and sale of coconuts is a major source of income, especially for those living in rural areas. What happens when you drink coconut water for 7 days? Fruit growing, on the other hand, is perennial in nature, allowing the grower to remain engaged in farm operations throughout the year and to make full use of farm resources and assets, such as machinery, land, and water, for production purposes throughout the year. [184], In March 1521, a description of the coconut was given by Antonio Pigafetta writing in Italian and using the words "cocho"/"cochi", as recorded in his journal after the first European crossing of the Pacific Ocean during the Magellan circumnavigation and meeting the inhabitants of what would become known as Guam and the Philippines. These have much lower fat content and are suitable as milk substitutes. What are the benefits of coconut products? Training without Reward: Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut Harvesters. Ingredient Lists); Major Food Allergens (food source names and examples)", "How to Tell When Coconuts Are Ripe on the Tree", "When Are Coconuts Ripe: Do Coconuts Ripen After They Are Picked", "ICC Quality Standard: Desiccated Coconut", "Exporting desiccated coconuts to Europe", "Full Report (All Nutrients): 12117, Nuts, coconut milk, raw (liquid expressed from grated meat and water)", "Ginataang Manok (Chicken Stewed in Coconut Milk) Filipino Recipe! A young, well-maintained tree can produce around 300 litres (79 US gallons) of toddy per year, while a 40-year-old tree may yield around 400L (110USgal). 70% of the total coconut production is for domestic consumption in most producing countries making Coconut a critical global food security crop. Dried coconut is also used as the filling for many chocolate bars. 1) Coconut Water: It is liquid endosperm. [151][152], Coconut butter is often used to describe solidified coconut oil, but has also been adopted as an alternate name for creamed coconut, a specialty product made of coconut milk solids or pured coconut meat and oil.[117]. Wiki User. [118][119], Maturity is difficult to assess on an unopened coconut, and there is no technically proven method for determining maturity. : B.arenosella, B.atriloqua (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), B.mathesoni (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), and B. It provides the hair with natural shine and softness. 98% of coconut is grown by more than 10 million resource poor smallholder and sharecropper families, on smallholdings under 4 ha. Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. It contains acids like ascorbic acid (a form of vitamin C), nicotinic acid (Vitamin B3 and vitamin PP) and riboflavin (vitamin B2). Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. Various other products made from thickened coconut milk with sugar and/or eggs like coconut jam and coconut custard are also widespread in Southeast Asia. [14][15], The interior of the endocarp is hollow and is lined with a thin brown seed coat around 0.2mm (164in) thick. [13] Like other fruits, it has three layers: the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. The queen palm was originally classified in the genus Cocos along with the coconut, but was later reclassified in Syagrus. economic importance of coconut. According to the Just Change Trust in India, over 500 million coconut palms are cultivated in tropical regions, where coconuts are the prime source of fats and protein for more than 400 million people. It is a haustorium, a spongy absorbent tissue formed from the distal portion of embryo during coconut germination, facilitates absorption of nutrients for the growing shoot and root.[142]. Food Industry Coconut is known as a common ingredient in food processing. Riung Wangi III No.53, Bandung, West Java. Coconuts were also later spread in historic times along the coasts of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans by South Asian, Arab, and European sailors. For other uses, see, "Grated coconut" redirects here. [130], A special cultivar of coconut known as macapuno produces a large amount of jelly-like coconut meat. [101], Coconut flour has also been developed for use in baking, to combat malnutrition. The biggest barrier to establishing an investment climate for coconut and an economic alternative to oil palm land area expansion is the critical lack of quality planting materials and coconut investment model. Three countries were chosen from the nine as focus countries for implementation: Guyana, Jamaica and Dominican Republic. [114], The coconut palm is grown throughout the tropics for decoration, as well as for its many culinary and nonculinary uses; virtually every part of the coconut palm can be used by humans in some manner and has significant economic value. The Makapuno (phenomenon) coconut is recognized to be due to the absence of two enzymes in the nut that are responsible in the degradation of the galactomannan in the solid endosp ; Putter, C.A.J. [26][27] In Colombia, a single Cocos-like fruit was recovered from the middle to late Paleocene Cerrejn Formation. [144], Coconut sap, usually extracted from cut inflorescence stalks is sweet when fresh and can be drunk as is such as in tuba fresca of Mexico (derived from the Philippine tub). Self Magazine. They eventually form the edible solid endosperm (the "coconut meat" or "coconut flesh") which hardens over time. Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. Mature fruits have significantly less liquid than young, immature coconuts, barring spoilage. Early Spanish explorers called it coco, meaning "monkey face." The researchers concluded that it was brought by early Austronesian sailors to the Americas from at least 2,250 BP, and may be proof of pre-Columbian contact between Austronesian cultures and South American cultures. [23] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the markets oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut HarvestersM Bertrand; Science; Jan 1967. The decreased buoyancy and increased fragility of this spherical, thin-husked fruit would not matter for a species that had started to be dispersed by humans and grown in plantations. Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. [72] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. The terminology is derived from the Tagalog language. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Predominantly, the Philippines, Indonesia, India, . Coconut milk contains 5% to 20% fat, while coconut cream contains around 20% to 50% fat. Coconut oil and milk are ingredients in cooking, frying, soaps and cosmetics, and foods like margarine and popcorn. [73], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. The inner posterior tepal is completely outside. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The use of coconut branches in corporal punishment was revived in the Gilbertese community on Choiseul in the Solomon Islands in 2005. Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. Since then, numerous other fossils of similar fruits were recovered throughout New Zealand from the Eocene, Oligocene, and possibly the Holocene. The husks of the coconut are a source of coir, a fiber used in the production of brushes, matting, and other products. Domesticated Pacific coconuts, on the other hand, are rounded in shape with a thinner husk and a larger amount of endosperm. Which Is Healthier Refined Or Unrefined Coconut Oil? The importance of coconut palmoil subsequently decreased due to competition from other vegetable oils, particularly palm oil from Elaeis guineensis. Several countries economies are based on the coconut palm. Ans : Ripening is characterised by an increase in the breakdown of starch within the fruit, as well as an increase in the number of simple sugars that are sweet in taste such as sucrose, glucose, and fructose as a result of this breakdown. The edible white, fleshy part of the seed (the endosperm) is known as the "coconut meat", "coconut flesh", or "coconut kernel. It is cultivated by about 11 million farmers on 12 million hectares; 80% of total production comes from Asia (Adkins et al., 2006). Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. [102], Coconut milk, not to be confused with coconut water, is obtained by pressing the grated coconut meat, usually with hot water added which extracts the coconut oil, proteins, and aromatic compounds. These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. [82][78][83] Other manual methods to make climbing easier include using a system of pulleys and ropes; using pieces of vine, rope, or cloth tied to both hands or feet; using spikes attached to the feet or legs; or attaching coconut husks to the trunk with ropes. Malauhog (literally "mucus-like") refers to very young coconut meat (around 6 to 7 months old) which has a translucent appearance and a gooey texture that disintegrates easily. As of 2006, the U. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. For example, the Polynesian and Melanesian term niu; Tagalog and Chamorro term niyog; and the Malay word nyiur or nyior. [33], The name coconut is derived from the 16th-century Portuguese word coco, meaning 'head' or 'skull' after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. [citation needed] They are also used in Hindu weddings as a symbol of prosperity. However, the locations of the admixture events are limited to Madagascar and coastal east Africa, and exclude the Seychelles. [33], Coconuts are susceptible to the phytoplasma disease, lethal yellowing. [92][93][94] Training schools for pig-tailed macaques still exist both in southern Thailand and in the Malaysian state of Kelantan. What is the economic importance of coconut? [127][128][129] Desiccated coconut are used in confections and desserts such as macaroons. [166][167][168] Amphioctopus marginatus is the first invertebrate known to be able to use tools.[167][169]. It is offered during worship to a Hindu god or goddess. Consumers feel that fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are the healthiest formats available for processed fruits and vegetables, which has allowed the fresh-cut category to prosper. [58] Coconuts also need high humidity (at least 7080%) for optimum growth, which is why they are rarely seen in areas with low humidity. The traditional coconut farming in these countries is an integral part of their life, culture and identity. The fruit is adapted for ocean dispersal. These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. [158], The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, one of the most valuable Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. Long-term consumption of coconut oil may have negative health effects similar to those from consuming other sources of saturated fats, including butter, beef fat, and palm oil. The study contended that an adaptation to coral atolls would explain the prehistoric and modern distributions of Cocos, would have provided the necessary evolutionary pressures, and would account for morphological factors such as a thick husk to protect against ocean degradation and provide a moist medium in which to germinate on sparse atolls. According to epidemiological research published in 1981, a group of Polynesians for whom coconut represented 60% of the daily diet had no evidence of heart disease or hypercholesterolemia, despite the high lauric and myristic acid intake. Coconut oil is also considered good for hair. Coconut water serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during its nuclear phase of development. A hard shell encloses the embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. The liquid of the nut, known as coconut water, is used in beverages. They are considered a rare delicacy, as harvesting the buds kills the palms. [26][27][31], Outside of New Zealand and India, only two other regions have reported Cocos-like fossils, namely Australia and Colombia. In the United States, coconut palms can be grown and reproduced outdoors without irrigation in Hawaii, southern and central Florida,[110] and the territories of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Freshly shredded mature coconut meat, known as "grated coconut", "shredded coconut", or "coconut flakes", is used in the extraction of coconut milk. However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. The endocarp is initially filled with a multinucleate liquid endosperm (the coconut water). But research on them is still ongoing to determine which of them (if any) actually belong to the genus Cocos. Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and Clearwater on the West Coast. The coconut palm is one of the most beautiful and useful trees in the world, grown in more than 80 countries of the tropical. The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. What happens to your body if you drink coconut water everyday? The coconut industry is an important pillar of Philippine agriculture. Its meat fills the entire interior of the coconut shell, rather than just the inner surfaces. Coconut assumes considerable significance in the national economy of coconut-growing countries in view of rural employment and income generation. In the Malay language, it is pokok seribu guna ("the tree of a thousand uses"). It is predominantly used in the bakery and confectionary industries (especially in non-coconut-producing countries) because of its longer shelf life compared to freshly grated coconut. In the Ilocos region of the northern Philippines, the Ilocano people fill two halved coconut shells with diket (cooked sweet rice), and place liningta nga itlog (halved boiled egg) on top of it. (2009). Malakatad (literally "leather-like") refers to fully mature coconut meat (around 8 to 9 months old) with an opaque white appearance, a tough rubbery to leathery texture, and is difficult to separate from the shell. Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009[update] yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. Dried coconut flesh is called copra, and the oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking frying in particular as well as in soaps and cosmetics. [101][102], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. [26][27] The vast majority of Cocos-like fossils have been recovered generally from only two regions in the world: New Zealand and west-central India. According to the Just Change Trust in India, over 500 million coconut palms are cultivated in tropical regions, where coconuts are the prime source of fats and protein for more than 400 million people. Request Answer. there are a lot of untapped economic potentials in the Coconut industry which need to be . As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. Mature coconuts are ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 3045 cm (1218 inches) in length and 1520 cm (68 inches) in diameter. [1] Every part of the palm is usable for human needs -- food, shelter and fiber. (2009). The mesocarp is composed of a fiber, called coir, which has many traditional and commercial uses. Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. All of these introductions are within the last few centuries, relatively recent in comparison to the spread of Pacific coconuts.[49]. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports the top producers are the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. Apart from its economic importance, the environmental and . The fruit may also be damaged by eriophyid coconut mites (Eriophyes guerreronis). [58] They may grow but not fruit properly in areas with insufficient warmth, such as Bermuda. [111], Coconut oil is increasingly used in the food industry. The Makapuno (phenomenon) coconut is recognized to be due to the absence of two enzymes in the nut that are responsible in the degradation of the galactomannan in the solid endosperm so that it remains soft and this has become the characteristic of the nut. [158], The leftover fiber from coconut oil and coconut milk production, coconut meal, is used as livestock feed. Based on these separate introductions, coconut populations can still be divided into Pacific coconuts and Indo-Atlantic coconuts, respectively. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. [133], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. Some cultivars such as 'Fiji dwarf' form a large bulb at the lower stem and others are cultivated to produce very sweet coconut water with orange-colored husks (king coconut) used entirely in fruit stalls for drinking (Sri Lanka, India). . Trees grow up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall and can yield up to 75 fruits per year, though fewer than 30 is more typical. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall, with pinnate leaves 46m (1320ft) long, and pinnae 6090 centimetres (23ft) long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. Half coconut shells are used in theatre Foley sound effects work, struck together to create the sound effect of a horse's hoofbeats. However, they can be eaten anytime after seven months (1, 2). It can be reduced further to yield coconut sugar also referred to as palm sugar or jaggery. [121][122], Both Malauhog and Malakanin coconut meat of immature fruits can be eaten as is or used in salads, drinks, desserts, and pastries such as buko pie and es kelapa muda. One recently selected cultivar, the 'Maypan', has been bred for resistance to this disease. [175], The coconut is also used as a target and prize in the traditional British fairground game coconut shy. De-husked coconuts are also easier for consumers to open, but have a shorter postharvest storage life of around two to three weeks at temperatures of 12 to 15C (54 to 59F) or up to 2 months at 0 to 1.5C (32.0 to 34.7F).

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